Among the roughly 54.3% of U.S. households that owned a retirement account in 2022, the median combined balance across defined-contribution plans and IRAs was $87,000, while the average was $334,097, a gap that reveals how a small number of large accounts pulls the mean far above the typical household (Source: Congressional Research Service Report R48143, July 29, 2024, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances).
This briefing compiles the most recent verifiable data on retirement account balances by age, drawing on three complementary bodies of evidence: the Federal Reserve’s nationally representative household survey (via the Congressional Research Service), recordkeeper microdata from Vanguard and Fidelity that measures actual plan participants, and Investment Company Institute aggregate statistics on the size and tax composition of the U.S. retirement market. Because these sources use different populations, definitions, and as-of dates, we identify each figure with its year and named source so readers and downstream analysts can use the numbers accurately.
By the numbers
- Median combined retirement-account balance among owning households, all ages: $87,000 (2022, CRS R48143 / Federal Reserve SCF)
- Average combined balance among owning households, all ages: $334,097 (2022, CRS R48143)
- Share of U.S. households owning any retirement account: 54.3% (2022, Federal Reserve SCF)
- Vanguard median 401(k)-style balance, participants 55 to 64: $95,642 (year-end 2024, Vanguard How America Saves 2025)
- Fidelity average 401(k) balance, all ages: $141,000 (as of 3/31/2026, Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis)
- Total U.S. retirement market assets: $49.1 trillion (year-end 2025, ICI 2026 Investment Company Fact Book)
- Traditional (pre-tax) share of the $19.2T IRA market: 82.8% (year-end 2025, ICI; Q3 Advisors calculation)
- 2026 401(k) elective deferral limit: $24,500 (IRS Notice 2025-67)
Q3 Tax Diversification Lens (TDL)
The Q3 Tax Diversification Lens measures how U.S. retirement dollars split across tax buckets and how that mix shifts by age. Within the measured IRA market at year-end 2025, the TDL reads 82.8% pre-tax (traditional), 12.5% Roth, and 4.7% employer-sponsored (SEP/SAR-SEP/SIMPLE) (Source: ICI 2026 Investment Company Fact Book, Ch. 8; Q3 Advisors calculation). Methodology: bucket share equals bucket assets divided by total IRA assets ($15.9T traditional + $2.4T Roth + $0.9T residual on a $19.2T base), paired with Roth adoption and contribution-flow rates by age to show the direction of change that aggregate stock data lags. A taxable third bucket cannot be quantified because the underlying sources do not measure taxable brokerage assets held for retirement.
Household balances by age: the Federal Reserve Survey of Consumer Finances
The Federal Reserve’s Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) is the most authoritative nationally representative measure of household retirement balances. The 2022 SCF, released in October 2023, remains the latest completed wave; the next wave covers 2025 and had not been published as of mid-2026. All SCF figures below therefore reflect the 2022 survey year in 2022 dollars, tabulated by the Congressional Research Service in Report R48143 (July 29, 2024). The SCF definition of “retirement accounts” combines defined-contribution plans (401(k), 403(b), 457, thrift savings from current or past jobs) with individual retirement accounts (IRAs, including Keogh plans). It excludes defined-benefit pensions and Social Security. Medians and averages are computed only among households that own such accounts, and balances are aggregated across the household using the age of the SCF reference person.
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The single most important pattern in the SCF data is the divergence between the median and the mean. In every age band, the average balance sits well above the median, because a small number of very large accounts skews the mean upward. For planning purposes, the median describes the household in the middle of the distribution more faithfully than the average.
Combined retirement accounts (DC plus IRAs) by age, 2022
| Age of reference person | % owning | Median (owners) | Mean (owners) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Younger than 35 | 49.6% | $18,880 | $49,127 |
| 35 to 44 | 61.5% | $45,000 | $141,517 |
| 45 to 54 | 62.2% | $115,000 | $313,230 |
| 55 to 64 | 57.0% | $185,000 | $537,563 |
| 65 and older | 47.1% | $170,000 | $554,422 |
| All households | 54.3% | $87,000 | $334,097 |
Source: CRS Report R48143, Table 1, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances. Figures in 2022 dollars, among owning households.
Median combined balances rise from $18,880 for households under 35 to a peak of $185,000 for the 55-to-64 band, then ease to $170,000 for households 65 and older. Ownership rates peak in the 45-to-54 band at 62.2% and decline to 47.1% among the oldest households, reflecting both the drawdown of accounts in retirement and generational differences in workplace-plan access.
Defined-contribution accounts only, by age, 2022
| Age | % owning | Median (owners) | Mean (owners) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Younger than 35 | 42.0% | $15,000 | $38,521 |
| 35 to 44 | 51.1% | $42,000 | $112,574 |
| 45 to 54 | 54.8% | $90,000 | $233,859 |
| 55 to 64 | 42.8% | $125,000 | $397,696 |
| 65 and older | 14.5% | $160,000 | $500,964 |
| All households | 38.0% | $53,000 | $225,594 |
Source: CRS Report R48143, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 SCF.
Defined-contribution ownership peaks at 54.8% in the 45-to-54 band, then falls sharply to 14.5% among households 65 and older. That decline is largely mechanical: many households roll their 401(k) and 403(b) balances into IRAs when they change jobs or retire, moving the dollars from the DC column to the IRA column without spending them.
Individual retirement accounts (IRAs) only, by age, 2022
| Age | % owning | Median (owners) | Mean (owners) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Younger than 35 | 21.8% | $12,000 | $37,752 |
| 35 to 44 | 28.0% | $30,000 | $105,656 |
| 45 to 54 | 27.9% | $105,000 | $238,666 |
| 55 to 64 | 32.4% | $167,000 | $420,095 |
| 65 and older | 40.2% | $150,000 | $468,891 |
| All households | 31.0% | $87,000 | $309,130 |
Source: CRS Report R48143, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 SCF.
IRA ownership follows the mirror-image pattern: it rises with age, reaching 40.2% among households 65 and older. The CRS reports that the average age of the reference person in an IRA-owning household was 56.0, versus 47.2 for a DC-account-owning household, consistent with the rollover dynamic that shifts balances into IRAs later in life.
A corroborating industry study reinforces the household picture. The Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, also using the 2022 SCF, reported that a typical working household approaching retirement (ages 55 to 64) that held a 401(k) had about $204,000 in combined 401(k) and IRA balances in 2022, up from $144,000 in 2019 (Source: Munnell and Chen, “401(k)/IRA Holdings in 2022,” Center for Retirement Research, December 2023). That figure is restricted to working households with a 401(k), a narrower universe than the CRS all-owners figures, so it is not directly comparable to the $185,000 combined median for all owners aged 55 to 64.
Plan-participant balances by age: Vanguard recordkeeper data
Where the SCF surveys households, Vanguard’s How America Saves 2025 (the 24th edition, published June 2025) reports actual recordkeeping data for roughly 5 million defined-contribution participants, with all balances measured as of year-end 2024. Because this population is limited to people who are active in an employer plan, its balances differ from the SCF household figures, but it is the only named source here that publishes both average and median balances across a full set of age bands.
| Participant age | Average balance | Median balance |
|---|---|---|
| Under 25 | $6,899 | $1,948 |
| 25 to 34 | $42,640 | $16,255 |
| 35 to 44 | $103,552 | $39,958 |
| 45 to 54 | $188,643 | $67,796 |
| 55 to 64 | $271,320 | $95,642 |
| 65 and older | $299,442 | $95,425 |
| All participants | $148,153 | $38,176 |
Source: Vanguard, How America Saves 2025, Figure 54, year-end 2024 data. (The under-25 band appeared in a search summary and is not confirmed in the primary Figure 54, which begins at 25 to 34.)
The Vanguard data shows the same mean-versus-median gap as the SCF. For participants 65 and older, the average balance of $299,442 is more than three times the median of $95,425, a spread that reflects a small number of very large accounts. Vanguard reports that 28% of participants had a balance below $10,000 while 16% held $250,000 or more at year-end 2024 (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025, Figure 52). The median is the better description of the typical participant.
Vanguard also reported that the overall average balance rose 10% and the median rose 8% versus year-end 2023, when the average was $134,128 and the median $35,286 (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025, Figure 51). Contribution behavior was strong: the average participant deferral rate reached an all-time high of 7.7%, and the average total contribution rate including employer money was 12.0% (median 11.5%).
Headline balances and generational averages: Fidelity data
Fidelity’s recordkeeping analyses cover approximately 26,800 corporate DC plans, about 25.6 million participants, and roughly 19.6 million IRA accounts, spanning more than 53 million retirement accounts in the United States. Fidelity publishes overall average balances each quarter and average balances by generation, but it does not publish medians by age or generation, so its figures should be read as averages only.
Fidelity overall average balances by quarter
| As-of date | Avg 401(k) | Avg IRA | Avg 403(b) | Total savings rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 2025 (3/31/2025) | $127,100 | $121,983 | $115,424 | 14.3% |
| Q2 2025 (6/30/2025) | $137,800 | $131,366 | $125,400 | 14.2% |
| Q3 2025 (9/30/2025) | $144,400 | $137,902 | $131,200 | 14.2% |
| Q4 2025 (12/31/2025) | $146,400 | $137,095 | $133,500 | 14.2% |
| Q1 2026 (3/31/2026) | $141,000 | $131,380 | $130,000 | 14.4% |
Source: Fidelity Retirement Analysis quarterly pages (about.fidelity.com), Q1 2025 through Q1 2026. Savings rate = employee plus employer.
Fidelity reported that the year-end 2025 average 401(k) balance of $146,400 rose more than 11% year over year, marking a third straight year of double-digit growth (Source: Fidelity Q4 2025 Retirement Analysis). As of 3/31/2026, the average 401(k) balance was $141,000, down 4% for the quarter but up 11% year over year, and the total 401(k) savings rate reached a record 14.4% against Fidelity’s suggested 15% target (Source: Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis).
Fidelity average balances by generation
| Generation | Average 401(k) | Average IRA |
|---|---|---|
| Gen Z | $18,000 | $8,000 |
| Millennials | $82,600 | $26,700 |
| Gen X | $215,600 | $118,700 |
| Baby Boomers | $260,300 | $286,700 |
Source: Fidelity Learning Center, “Average retirement savings by age,” Q2 2026 401(k) data as of 3/31/2026 (Fidelity’s own labeling). Averages only; Fidelity does not publish medians by generation.
The generational split shows the Baby Boomer IRA average ($286,700) exceeding the Boomer 401(k) average ($260,300), the only generation where IRA balances top 401(k) balances. This is consistent with the SCF rollover pattern: as workers retire, 401(k) dollars migrate into IRAs. Fidelity also reported context on long-tenure savers. More than 5.5 million savers continuously in the same-employer 401(k) for five years had an average balance of $304,200 at year-end 2025, up 16% from year-end 2024, and women with 15 or more continuous years in their 401(k) averaged $508,700 at the end of 2025 (Source: Fidelity year-end 2025 data).
The tax composition of retirement assets: applying the Q3 Tax Diversification Lens
Balances by age answer “how much”; the Tax Diversification Lens answers “in which tax bucket.” At year-end 2025, total U.S. retirement market assets reached $49.1 trillion, up 11% from year-end 2024 (Source: ICI 2026 Investment Company Fact Book, Ch. 8). Of that, IRAs held $19.2 trillion (39% of the market) and employer DC plans held $14.2 trillion, of which 401(k) plans were $10.1 trillion and 403(b) plans $1.5 trillion. Together, IRAs and DC plans made up 68% of all retirement assets.
Aggregate IRA tax split, year-end 2025
| Tax bucket | Assets | Share of IRA market |
|---|---|---|
| Traditional (pre-tax) | $15.9 trillion | 82.8% |
| Roth (after-tax) | $2.4 trillion | 12.5% |
| Employer-sponsored (SEP/SAR-SEP/SIMPLE) | ~$0.9 trillion | 4.7% |
| Total IRAs | $19.2 trillion | 100.0% |
Source: ICI 2026 Investment Company Fact Book, Ch. 8; shares are Q3 Advisors calculations. The employer-sponsored figure is a computed residual, not a directly reported number.
By dollars, the measured IRA market is roughly 6.6 times more pre-tax than Roth ($15.9T versus $2.4T). The Congressional Research Service corroborates this at a slightly earlier date, reporting for 2023 data that traditional IRAs held 84.4% of IRA assets ($11.441 trillion) and Roth IRAs 10.4% ($1.405 trillion) (Source: CRS Report R48456, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 SCF). One structural reason pre-tax dominates: among new IRAs opened in 2023, 77% of new traditional IRAs were funded only with rollovers, while 72% of new Roth IRAs were funded solely with contributions (Source: ICI 2026 Fact Book, Ch. 8). Rollovers move large 401(k) balances into traditional IRAs, concentrating dollars in the pre-tax bucket.
Breadth versus dollars: who owns Roth, and how much
The household data reveals a striking gap between how broadly Roth is held and how thinly it is funded. In the 2022 SCF, more households owned a Roth IRA (16.1%) than a traditional IRA (13.3%), yet the Roth median balance of $30,000 was one-third of the traditional median ($90,000) and one-quarter of the rollover-IRA median ($120,000) (Source: CRS Report R48456).
| IRA type | % households owning | Median balance | Mean balance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rollover IRA (pre-tax) | 11.3% | $120,000 | $384,239 |
| Traditional IRA (pre-tax) | 13.3% | $90,000 | $261,759 |
| Roth IRA (after-tax) | 16.1% | $30,000 | $101,892 |
Source: CRS Report R48456, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 SCF. Balances among owning households.
Roth adoption by age and the direction of new money
The tax mix is age-stratified. Among Vanguard participants in plans that offered a Roth 401(k) at year-end 2024, the share electing Roth declined with age, from a peak of 21% at ages 25 to 34 down to 10% at 65 and older (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025). Roth 401(k) features were offered by 86% of Vanguard plans, up from 74% in 2020, and elected by 18% of eligible participants overall, an all-time high.
| Age band | Share electing Roth 401(k) when offered |
|---|---|
| Under 25 | 17% |
| 25 to 34 | 21% |
| 35 to 44 | 19% |
| 45 to 54 | 17% |
| 55 to 64 | 14% |
| 65 and older | 10% |
Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025, year-end 2024 recordkeeping data.
Contribution flows point the same direction. Fidelity reported that Roth IRAs accounted for 67% of IRA contributions in Q1 2026, with Roth conversion transactions up 41% year over year and the youngest cohorts driving growth (Gen Z IRA contributions up 65% year over year, Millennials up 31%) (Source: Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis). In short, the Roth share of new money (67% of contributions) vastly exceeds Roth’s roughly 12.5% share of the existing IRA stock. The mix is shifting toward Roth at the margin, led by younger savers, even though large rollover-fed pre-tax balances still anchor the dollar total. Readers considering how these buckets interact with taxes in retirement may find our overview of the retirement tax window useful for context, along with our discussion of Roth conversion planning.
2026 contribution and catch-up limits
Contribution limits shape how quickly balances can grow. For 2026, the IRS set the following limits (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67 / IR-2025-111, November 13, 2025):
| Account / provision | 2026 limit | 2025 limit |
|---|---|---|
| 401(k)/403(b)/457(b)/TSP elective deferral | $24,500 | $23,500 |
| Age 50+ catch-up (401(k) etc.) | $8,000 | $7,500 |
| Ages 60 to 63 super catch-up (SECURE 2.0) | $11,250 | $11,250 |
| IRA contribution limit | $7,500 | $7,000 |
| IRA age 50+ catch-up | $1,100 | $1,000 |
| SIMPLE IRA/401(k) standard | $17,000 | $16,500 |
Source: IRS Notice 2025-67, effective for tax year 2026.
A worker age 50 or older can therefore defer up to $32,500 in a 401(k) in 2026 ($24,500 plus the $8,000 catch-up), and a worker aged 60 to 63 can defer up to $35,750 ($24,500 plus the $11,250 super catch-up). The IRA age-50 catch-up rose to $1,100, its first increase since 2006, and is now indexed under SECURE 2.0, bringing the 50+ IRA total to $8,600.
Worked example: closing the gap near retirement
Consider a household with the median 55-to-64 combined balance of $185,000 (2022 SCF). If both spouses are aged 60 to 63 and each maximizes a workplace plan at the 2026 super-catch-up limit of $35,750, together they can contribute $71,500 in a single year, plus up to $8,600 each to an IRA if eligible. This illustrates only the mechanics of the 2026 limits; it is not a recommendation, and eligibility depends on plan rules and income. The 2026 IRA phase-out ranges are relevant here: the Roth IRA phase-out is $153,000 to $168,000 for single filers and $242,000 to $252,000 for joint filers (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67).
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Q3 Advisors is a registered investment adviser focused on retirement tax planning. This article is educational and is not advice; for guidance on your own circumstances, consult a qualified tax or financial professional.
Frequently asked questions
What is the median retirement account balance in the United States?
Among households that owned a retirement account in 2022, the median combined balance across defined-contribution plans and IRAs was $87,000 (Source: CRS Report R48143, analyzing the Federal Reserve 2022 Survey of Consumer Finances). This is the most recent completed SCF wave.
What is the average retirement account balance in the United States?
The average combined balance among owning households was $334,097 in 2022 (Source: CRS Report R48143). The average is far above the median because a small number of very large accounts pulls the mean upward.
Why is the average so much higher than the median?
Retirement balances are highly skewed. Vanguard reported that at year-end 2024, 28% of participants had balances below $10,000 while 16% held $250,000 or more (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025, Figure 52). A concentration of large accounts raises the average, so the median better represents the typical saver.
What is the median retirement balance for people aged 55 to 64?
Among owning households with a reference person aged 55 to 64, the median combined balance was $185,000 in 2022 (Source: CRS Report R48143). The average for that band was $537,563.
What is the median balance for households 65 and older?
The median combined balance for owning households 65 and older was $170,000 in 2022, with an average of $554,422 (Source: CRS Report R48143).
How much do people under 35 have saved?
Among owning households under 35, the 2022 median combined balance was $18,880 and the average was $49,127; 49.6% of such households owned any retirement account (Source: CRS Report R48143).
What is the median 401(k) balance by age according to Vanguard?
At year-end 2024, Vanguard reported median balances of $16,255 (ages 25 to 34), $39,958 (35 to 44), $67,796 (45 to 54), $95,642 (55 to 64), and $95,425 (65 and older) (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025, Figure 54).
What is the average 401(k) balance in 2026?
Fidelity reported an average 401(k) balance of $141,000 as of March 31, 2026, down 4% for the quarter but up 11% year over year (Source: Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis). At year-end 2025 the average was $146,400 (Source: Fidelity Q4 2025 Retirement Analysis).
What is the average IRA balance in 2026?
Fidelity reported an average IRA balance of $131,380 as of March 31, 2026, up 7% year over year (Source: Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis).
What are the average balances by generation?
Using data as of March 31, 2026, Fidelity reported average 401(k) balances of $18,000 (Gen Z), $82,600 (Millennials), $215,600 (Gen X), and $260,300 (Baby Boomers), with average IRA balances of $8,000, $26,700, $118,700, and $286,700 respectively (Source: Fidelity Learning Center, Q2 2026 401(k) data). Fidelity publishes averages only for generations, not medians.
Why do IRA balances rise with age while 401(k) ownership falls?
Many households roll 401(k) and 403(b) balances into IRAs at job change or retirement. The CRS reported the average reference-person age was 56.0 for IRA-owning households versus 47.2 for DC-account-owning households (Source: CRS Report R48143). This rollover flow shifts dollars from the DC column to the IRA column.
How big is the total U.S. retirement market?
Total U.S. retirement market assets reached $49.1 trillion at year-end 2025, up 11% from a year earlier (Source: ICI 2026 Investment Company Fact Book, Ch. 8).
How large is the IRA market and how is it split between traditional and Roth?
IRAs held $19.2 trillion at year-end 2025, of which traditional IRAs were $15.9 trillion (82.8%) and Roth IRAs were $2.4 trillion (12.5%), with an employer-sponsored residual of about $0.9 trillion (4.7%) (Source: ICI 2026 Fact Book; shares are Q3 Advisors calculations).
Do more people own Roth or traditional IRAs?
In the 2022 SCF, more households owned Roth IRAs (16.1%) than traditional IRAs (13.3%), even though Roth balances were far smaller: the Roth median was $30,000 versus $90,000 for traditional (Source: CRS Report R48456).
Is retirement money shifting toward Roth?
At the margin, yes. Fidelity reported that Roth IRAs made up 67% of IRA contributions in Q1 2026 and Roth conversions rose 41% year over year (Source: Fidelity Q1 2026 Retirement Analysis). This far exceeds Roth’s roughly 12.5% share of the existing IRA stock, though pre-tax balances still dominate the total.
Which age group adopts Roth 401(k) contributions most?
Among Vanguard participants offered a Roth 401(k) at year-end 2024, the share electing Roth peaked at 21% for ages 25 to 34 and declined to 10% at 65 and older (Source: Vanguard How America Saves 2025).
What is the 2026 401(k) contribution limit?
The 2026 elective deferral limit for 401(k), 403(b), 457(b), and TSP plans is $24,500, up from $23,500 in 2025 (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67).
What are the 2026 catch-up contribution amounts?
For 2026, the age-50 catch-up is $8,000 for workplace plans (total $32,500), and the SECURE 2.0 super catch-up for ages 60 to 63 is $11,250 (total $35,750). The IRA age-50 catch-up rose to $1,100 (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67).
What is the 2026 IRA contribution limit?
The IRA contribution limit for 2026 is $7,500, up from $7,000 in 2025; the age-50 catch-up is $1,100, bringing the 50+ total to $8,600 (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67).
What are the 2026 Roth IRA income phase-out ranges?
For 2026, the Roth IRA MAGI phase-out is $153,000 to $168,000 for single and head-of-household filers and $242,000 to $252,000 for married filing jointly (Source: IRS Notice 2025-67).
Why is the 2022 SCF still the latest household data in 2026?
The SCF is triennial. The 2022 wave was released in October 2023 and remains the most recent completed survey; the next wave covers 2025 and had not been published as of mid-2026 (Source: Federal Reserve, Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2019 to 2022).
How do recordkeeper figures differ from the Federal Reserve figures?
The SCF surveys households across all account types and ownership. Vanguard and Fidelity report only participants in the plans they administer. That is why, for example, Vanguard’s overall median ($38,176 at year-end 2024) differs from the SCF household median ($87,000 in 2022): the populations and definitions are different (Sources: Vanguard How America Saves 2025; CRS Report R48143).
Where can I learn how these balances are taxed in retirement?
Withdrawals from pre-tax accounts are generally taxed as ordinary income and can affect other items such as Medicare premiums and the taxation of Social Security. See our related educational pages on required minimum distributions, the taxation of Social Security benefits, and Medicare IRMAA brackets.
Sources
Congressional Research Service, Report R48143, “Ownership of Retirement Accounts in 2022,” July 29, 2024 (https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48143). Congressional Research Service, Report R48456, “Traditional, Roth, and Rollover IRA Ownership in 2022” (https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R48456.html). Federal Reserve Board, “Changes in U.S. Family Finances from 2019 to 2022,” October 2023 (https://www.federalreserve.gov/publications/files/scf23.pdf). Vanguard, “How America Saves 2025,” June 2025 (https://corporate.vanguard.com/content/dam/corp/research/pdf/how_america_saves_report_2025.pdf). Fidelity Retirement Analysis, Q1 2025 through Q1 2026 (https://about.fidelity.com/data-and-insights/q1-2026-retirement-analysis) and Fidelity Learning Center, “Average retirement savings by age” (https://www.fidelity.com/learning-center/personal-finance/average-retirement-savings). Investment Company Institute, 2026 Investment Company Fact Book, Ch. 8 (https://www.icifactbook.org/pdf/2026-factbook-ch8.pdf) and “The Role of IRAs, 2025,” ICI Research Perspective Vol. 32 No. 7, June 2026 (https://www.ici.org/system/files/2026-06/per32-07.pdf). Center for Retirement Research at Boston College, “401(k)/IRA Holdings in 2022,” December 2023 (https://crr.bc.edu/401k-ira-holdings-in-2022-an-update-from-the-scf/). Internal Revenue Service, Notice 2025-67 / IR-2025-111, November 13, 2025 (https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-drop/n-25-67.pdf).
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Disclaimer
This material is provided by Q3 Advisors, a registered investment adviser, for informational and educational purposes only. It is not investment, legal, or tax advice, nor a recommendation or solicitation to buy or sell any security or to adopt any strategy. Information is believed to be from reliable sources as of the dates cited, but its accuracy is not guaranteed and figures are subject to change. Past performance does not guarantee future results, and the value of investments can go down as well as up. Registration with the SEC or a state does not imply a certain level of skill or training. See Q3 Advisors’ Form ADV Part 2A for information on services, fees, and conflicts of interest. Readers should consult their own qualified tax, legal, or financial advisor before making any decisions.
